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daf bit: Gittin 13
The mishna teaches: if a man says "give this get (bill of divorce)
to my wife and give this bill of emancipation to my slave" but
dies before they are given, then they are not given after his death.
In the g'mara the rabbis debate whether the declaration was made
when the man was healthy or when death was imminent. The instruction
of a man on his deathbed has the force of a formal document, which
must be heeded, so this mishna, the rabbis say, must apply to a
healthy man. (13a)
(I understand why it would be beneficial for the get to not take effect in this case; it is, so far as I know, always advantageous for a woman to be a widow rather than divorced (support, remarriage options). I don't understand the case of the slave, though, unless it's not about the slave but is to ensure that his sons inherit him?)

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The point, of course, is to prevent the estates from going through double probate if, God forbid, there's an accident and it's unclear who died first, or one person lingers in hospital for a week or two.
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